Are COVID-19 vaccines the reason vaccinated people ages 10 to 59 in England are dying at twice the rate of the unvaccinated?
A very popular spy novelist who is anti-vaccine did not know how to explain the apparent correlation between vaccines and higher death rates in England because he is not a statistician and did not ask a statistician to explain it to his readers.
He wrote that vaccinated English adults under 60 are dying at twice the rate of unvaccinated people the same age.
Put simply, most of those who die in England are older and therefore vaccinated. The data demonstrate Simpson's Paradox, the name for a common statistical problem:
A trend apparent in several groups of data disappears or reverses when the data are combined because you aren't considering an extra, and consequential, variable. In this case, that variable is the higher death rate of older people from all causes.