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FACT BRIEF

Has Medicaid Expansion in states improved health outcomes?

By Keshav Srikant
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YES

Studies have shown that Medicaid Expansion in states does lead to improved health outcomes. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) sought to reduce the number of uninsured Americans through federal government subsidies of Medicaid coverage expansion. This Medicaid expansion was made optional to states, and as of May 2024 there were 10 U.S. states that had not yet implemented it. A study comparing outcomes of expansion vs. non-expansion states found a significant reduction in mortality in states that expanded Medicaid. Individuals aged 55 to 64 with either less than a high school degree or income under the threshold (138% of the Federal Poverty Level) experienced a 9.4% drop in mortality after expansion as compared to non-expansion states. Furthermore, research on states that already expanded Medicaid found no clear change in overall spending from state funds due to offsetting savings in health care costs.

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Sources
KFF Status of State Medicaid Expansion Decisions: Interactive Map
EconoFact Impact of Medicaid Expansion on State Budgets and Mortality
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Fact briefs are short, credibly sourced summaries that offer “yes/no” answers in response to claims found online. They rely on publicly available, often primary source data and documents. Fact briefs are created by contributors to Gigafact —a nonprofit project looking to expand participation in fact-checking and protect the democratic process. See all fact briefs here.