Do closed-loop geothermal systems at data centers use a lot of water?

Closed-loop
geothermal cooling systems are engineered to minimize water usage. These
systems circulate sealed fluid (typically water or a water-antifreeze mix) through
buried pipes or geothermal heat pump loops. The same fluid continuously
transfers heat between the ground and the data center without evaporation or
release. Only the initial fill and occasional top-off to replace minor losses
due to leaks are required. Unlike evaporative cooling towers that consume large
volumes of water, closed-loop systems return all water to the system, making
ongoing use negligible. Studies show that data centers adopting closed-loop and
water-less cooling methods significantly reduce water use, with many facilities
using less water than typical non-data-center buildings. This makes closed-loop
geothermal attractive to operators in water-scarce regions and aligns with
industry moves to conserve both energy and freshwater resources.